Following the war the prisoners were repatriated to Japan, though the United States and Britain retained thousands until 19 respectively and the Soviet Union continued to hold as many as hundreds of thousands of Japanese POWs until the early 1950s. Those taken by the Soviet Union were treated harshly in work camps located in Siberia. The prisoners taken by the Western Allies were held in generally good conditions in camps located in Australia, New Zealand, India and the United States. Japanese POWs often believed that by surrendering they had broken all ties with Japan, and many provided military intelligence to the Allies. A campaign launched in 1944 to encourage prisoner-taking was partially successful, and the number of prisoners taken increased significantly in the last year of the war. In practice though, many Allied soldiers were unwilling to accept the surrender of Japanese troops because of atrocities committed by the Japanese. Western Allied governments and senior military commanders directed that Japanese POWs be treated in accordance with relevant international conventions. The number of Japanese soldiers, sailors, marines, and airmen who surrendered was limited by the Japanese military indoctrinating its personnel to fight to the death, Allied combat personnel often being unwilling to take prisoners, and many Japanese soldiers believing that those who surrendered would be killed by their captors. Also, Soviet troops seized and imprisoned more than half a million Japanese troops and civilians in China and other places. For Allied personnel held as POWs by Japan, see Prisoner of war § Empire of Japan.ĭuring World War II, it was estimated that between 35,000 and 50,000 members of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces surrendered to Allied servicemembers prior to the end of World War II in Asia in August 1945. This article is about personnel from Japan held as POWs by the Allies.
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